全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3393篇 |
免费 | 268篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 3668篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 108篇 |
2020年 | 84篇 |
2019年 | 79篇 |
2018年 | 154篇 |
2017年 | 169篇 |
2016年 | 175篇 |
2015年 | 118篇 |
2014年 | 155篇 |
2013年 | 318篇 |
2012年 | 258篇 |
2011年 | 213篇 |
2010年 | 200篇 |
2009年 | 176篇 |
2008年 | 164篇 |
2007年 | 136篇 |
2006年 | 106篇 |
2005年 | 98篇 |
2004年 | 68篇 |
2003年 | 78篇 |
2002年 | 80篇 |
2001年 | 34篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 35篇 |
1998年 | 89篇 |
1997年 | 70篇 |
1996年 | 39篇 |
1995年 | 39篇 |
1994年 | 32篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有3668条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
32.
T Tomioka I Toshkov K Kazakoff A Andrén-Sandberg T Takahashi M Büchler H Friess R Vaughn PM Pour 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,15(5):231-250
Four normal pancreas, 8 chronic pancreatitis specimens, and 30 non-endocrine pancreatic tumors from humans and 6 normal and 6 induced pancreatic cancers in hamsters were examined immunohistochemically by antibodies against human transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Two normal pancreas and two pancreatic cancer specimens from each species were also studied immunoelectron microscopically by the immunogold method. In chronic pancreatitis, the reactivity and intensity of the staining with both antibodies were much greater in ductal/ductular cells than in the normal pancreas. All 30 pancreatic cancers reacted with both antibodies with a variable degree of reactivity and staining intensity. No correlation was found between the histological type of tumors, the degree of tumor differentiation, and the incidence and patterns of reactivity of either antibody. Immunoelectron microscopically, both EGFR and TGF-alpha were demonstrated primarily on the basal membrane. In the normal hamster pancreas, TGF-alpha was overexpressed in the alpha-cells but not in any other islet cells. Both TGF-alpha and EGFR were marginally detectable in the exocrine pancreas and in induced pancreatic lesions. This is the first demonstration of subcellular localization of TGF-alpha and EGFR in the normal and diseased human and hamster pancreas. 相似文献
33.
34.
C Casali JF Obadia E Canet K Bendjelid X André-Fou?t D Revel MF Janier 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,32(11):713-720
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Validation of new positron emission tomography (PET) tracers or magnetic (MR) imaging contrast agents is based on isolated rodent heart preparations. The use of larger animals could provide a more direct validation using the devices used for humans. METHODS: An isolated pig heart preparation has been developed and adapted to the technical constraints of whole body PET and MR imaging. This preparation could be used either in the Langendorff or working mode after selective cannulation of both coronary arteries. RESULTS: The authors showed that quantification of regional kinetics of PET tracers was possible using this preparation by measuring fluorine-18-labeled deoxyglycose (18FDG) kinetics in remote and ischemic territories. Experiments using MR imaging contrast agents, for myocardial perfusion, demonstrated the ability of this preparation to accurately validate these contrast agents over a wide range of flow rates. CONCLUSIONS: An isolated pig heart preparation could be developed to fulfill the constraints of PET and MR imaging, and proved useful for the study of the distribution of different tracers or contrast media developed for functional cardiac imaging in humans. 相似文献
35.
Verbruggen Frederick; Liefooghe Baptist; Vandierendonck André; Demanet Jelle 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,33(2):342
In the task-switching literature, it has frequently been demonstrated that although advance task preparation reduces the switch cost, it never really eliminates the switch cost. This remaining residual switch cost received much attention, and it has been argued that advance preparation is restricted in nature. In the present study, the role of task-cue presentation in the establishment of the residual switch cost was investigated. In 4 experiments, the cue was removed during the preparation interval, and it was hypothesized that this would encourage participants to complete advance task preparation. The results of all 4 experiments provided support for this hypothesis: When the cue was presented for a short time and then removed, the residual switch cost completely disappeared. This was found for different cue types. Furthermore, Experiment 3 demonstrated that it was not the presence of the cue itself but merely differences in advance task preparation that caused the effects. This suggests that advance task preparation is not as restricted in nature as previously assumed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
36.
András Faragó 《Algorithmica》2007,49(4):337-356
We prove two results that provide new fundamental limits for topology control in large ad hoc and sensor networks. First,
we show that it remains true under very general conditions that the maximum expected node degree must grow to infinity at
least logarithmically if we want to maintain asymptotic connectivity. This has been known so far only for much more special
models than ours. Building on this result, we prove a new fundamental limit regarding link dynamics, which means the worst case length ratio of the longest and shortest link adjacent to the same node. We prove that if link
dynamics remains bounded, then no topology control algorithm can keep a large network connected with high probability. Moreover,
bounded link dynamics prevents connectivity in the limit without any a priori assumption on node degrees or transmission ranges.
Our results hold in a model that is much more general than the frequently used assumption of uniformly distributed nodes in
a regularly shaped planar domain. Our more abstract setting also aims at finding (hopefully) more robust and elegant proofs
that have less dependence on the special geometry. Since link dynamics is expected to be bounded in practice, the results
strenghten the theoretical basis for the argument that a very large ad hoc or sensor network is unable to maintain connectivity
if it has a flat, random organization without additional structure.
Supported in part by NSF Grants ANI-0220001 and CCF-0634848. 相似文献
37.
Michel P. Tcheou André L.L. Miranda Lisandro Lovisolo Eduardo A.B. da Silva Marco A.M. Rodrigues Paulo S.R. Diniz 《Digital Signal Processing》2012,22(2):288-297
In this paper, we verify how far electric disturbance signals can be compressed without compromising the analysis of encoded fault records. A recently proposed compression algorithm, referred to as Damped Sinusoidal Matching Pursuit (DSMP) has the remarkable feature of obtaining both compact and physically interpretable representations. However, for fault analysis applications, one is primarily interested in how accurate can be the analysis performed on compressed signals, instead of evaluating mean-squared error figures. Unlike previous works in digital fault records compression, the performance of the DSMP compression method is evaluated using a protocol based on fault analysis procedures commonly performed by expert engineers. This protocol is applied for comparing the results obtained in the analysis of both uncompressed records and their compressed versions at different compression ratios. The results show that the DSMP is a reliable compression system since it achieves high compression ratios (6.4:1) without causing fault analysis misinterpretation. 相似文献
38.
39.
We discuss how the standard Cost-Benefit Analysis should be modified in order to take risk (and uncertainty) into account. We propose different approaches used in finance (Value at Risk, Conditional Value at Risk, Downside Risk Measures, and Efficiency Ratio) as useful tools to model the impact of risk in project evaluation. After introducing the concepts, we show how they could be used in CBA and provide some simple examples to illustrate how such concepts can be applied to evaluate the desirability of a new project infrastructure. 相似文献
40.
This study attempted to identify the major sources of work-related stress among telephone operators, with special emphasis on computer monitoring and telephone surveillance. A cross-sectional random sample of over 700 telephone operators participated in a questionnaire survey (response rate = 88%). The survey included items designed to measure perceived stress, management practices, specific job stressors and monitoring preferences. Call-time pressure items were most strongly linked to job stress by operators, with 70% reporting that difficulty in serving a customer well and still keeping call-time down contributed to their feelings of stress to a large or very large extent. About 55% of operators reported that telephone monitoring contributed to their feelings of job stress. If given the opportunity, 44% of operators stated they would prefer not to be monitored by telephone at all, while 23% stated they would prefer some monitoring; 33% had no preference. The setting of inappropriate individual-call-time objectives, which may be consistently unachievable for some operators and which create conflict between management demands for quantity and quality and also between workers values concerning quality and productivity demands, appears to be the most stress-inducing aspect of the job. In terms of telephone surveillance, the issues of timeliness and specificity of feedback appear to be less important than call-time pressure. 相似文献